Revisiting the Properties of Money

The properties of money commonly referenced in the economics literature were originally identified by Jevons (1876) and Menger (1892) late 1800s intended to describe physical currencies, such as commodity money, metallic coins, paper bills. In digital era, many non-physical currencies have either entered circulation or are under development, including demand deposits, cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, central bank (CBDCs), in-game quantum money. These forms novel that not been studied extensively within literature, but may be important determinants monetary equilibrium emerges forthcoming era heightened currency competition. This makes first exhaustive attempt identify define all It reviews both computer science literatures categorizes an expanded version original functions-and-properties framework includes societal regulatory objectives.